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1 inflation
inflation [ɛ̃flasjɔ̃]feminine noun* * *ɛ̃flasjɔ̃nom féminin inflation* * *ɛ̃flasjɔ̃ nf* * *inflation nf1 Écon inflation ¢; taux d'inflation de 3% 3% inflation rate; l'inflation est de 3% inflation is at 3%; forte/faible inflation high/low inflation; inflation annuelle annual inflation; inflation galopante/rampante galloping/rampant inflation; réduire/limiter l'inflation to cut/curb inflation; inflation des salaires/prix wage/price inflation; inflation du crédit/des coûts médicaux credit/medical-costs inflation;2 ( profusion) flood; inflation des diplômes/de l'information flood of diplomas/of information; inflation verbale flood of words.inflation par les coûts Écon cost-push inflation; inflation par la demande Écon demand-pull inflation.[ɛ̃flasjɔ̃] nom féminininflation par la demande/les coûts demand-pull/cost-push inflationinflation galopante/larvée galloping/creeping inflation2. [accroissement - des effectifs]l'inflation du nombre des bureaucrates the inflated ou swelling numbers of bureaucrats -
2 juguler
juguler [ʒygyle]➭ TABLE 1 transitive verb* * *ʒygyleverbe transitif to stamp out [épidémie, chômage, fléau]; to check [hémorragie]; to curb [inflation]* * *ʒyɡyle vt[maladie] to halt, [révolte] to suppress, [inflation, fraude] to curb* * *juguler verb table: aimer vtr to stamp out [épidémie, chômage, fléau]; to check [hémorragie]; to curb [inflation].[ʒygyle] verbe transitif1. [arrêter - hémorragie, maladie] to halt, to check ; [ - sanglots] to suppress, to repress ; [ - chômage] to curb2. [étouffer - révolte] to quell -
3 enrayer
enrayer [ɑ̃ʀeje]➭ TABLE 81. transitive verb[+ maladie, processus, chômage, inflation] to check ; [+ machine, arme] to jam2. reflexive verb* * *ɑ̃ʀeje
1.
1) ( maîtriser) to check [épidémie, développement]; to curb [inflation, chômage]; to stop [something] escalating [crise, violence]2) ( bloquer) to jam
2.
s'enrayer verbe pronominal lit, fig to get jammed* * *ɑ̃ʀeje vt[phénomène, progression] to check* * *enrayer verb table: payerA vtr1 ( maîtriser) to check, to stem [épidémie, progression]; to curb [inflation, chômage]; to check, to stop [baisse, développement]; to stop [sth] escalating [crise, violence];2 ( bloquer) to jam [revolver]; enrayer le mécanisme lit to jam the mechanism (de qch of sth); fig to put a spanner GB ou wrench US in the works.[ɑ̃reje] verbe transitifenrayer l'inflation to check ou to control ou to curb inflation————————s'enrayer verbe pronominal intransitif -
4 freiner
freiner [fʀene]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verb2. intransitive verbto brake ; (à ski, en patins) to slow down• freiner à bloc or à mort (inf) to slam on the brakes* * *fʀɛne
1.
1) ( faire ralentir) to slow down [véhicule, parachute]2) ( gêner) to impede [personne, avance]3) ( modérer) to curb [consommation]
2.
verbe intransitif1) (en voiture, à moto, vélo) to brakefreiner à bloc or à fond — to slam on the brakes
2) ( à ski) to slow down* * *fʀene1. vi2. vt[progrès] to check* * *freiner verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( faire ralentir) to slow down [véhicule, parachute, chute];2 ( gêner) to impede [personne, avance, ennemi];3 ( modérer) to curb [inflation, consommation]; to restrain [personne]; freiner l'ambition/l'enthousiasme de qn to curb sb's ambition/enthusiasm.B vi1 (en voiture, moto, vélo) to brake; la voiture a freiné trop tard the car braked too late; cette voiture freine bien this car has good brakes; freiner à bloc or à fond to slam on the brakes;2 (à ski, sur patins) to slow down.[frene] verbe transitif————————[frene] verbe intransitif[conducteur, auto] to braketa voiture freine bien/mal your car brakes are good/bad -
5 reculer
reculer [ʀ(ə)kyle]➭ TABLE 11. intransitive verba. [personne] to move back ; (par peur) to back away ; [automobiliste, automobile] to reverse ; [cheval] to back• faire reculer [+ ennemi, foule] to force back ; [+ cheval] to move back ; [+ désert] to drive backb. ( = hésiter) to shrink back ; ( = changer d'avis) to back down• reculer devant la dépense/difficulté to shrink from the expense/difficultyc. ( = diminuer) to be on the decline ; [eaux, incendie] to subside2. transitive verba. [+ chaise, meuble, frontières] to push back ; [+ véhicule] to reverse3. reflexive verb* * *ʀ(ə)kyle
1.
1) ( pousser) to move back [vase, lampe]; to move ou push back [meuble]2) ( faisant marche arrière) to reverse GB, to back up3) ( dans le temps) to put off [moment du départ, événement, décision]; to put back [date]
2.
verbe intransitif1) [personne, groupe] ( aller en arrière) to move back; (pour mieux voir quelque chose, pour être vu) to stand back; [chauffeur, voiture] to reversec'est reculer pour mieux sauter — fig it's just putting off the inevitable
2) [armée] to pull ou draw back3) [falaise] to be eroded; [forêt] to be gradually disappearing; [eaux] to go down; [mer] to recede4) ( régresser) [monnaie, production, exportations] to fall; [doctrine, mouvement] to decline; [parti, politicien] to suffer a drop in popularityfaire reculer — to cause a fall in [euro, exportation]
reculer de cinq places — [élèves, sportif] to fall back five places, to drop five places
5) (céder, se dérober) to back down; ( hésiter) to shrink back* * *ʀ(ə)kyle1. vi1) (aller en arrière) to move backIl a reculé pour la laisser entrer. — He stepped back to let her in.
2) [automobiliste, voiture] to reverse, to back upJ'ai reculé pour laisser passer le camion. — I reversed to let the lorry past.
3) (= se dérober) to back downCe n'est pas le moment de reculer. — It's not the moment to back down.
reculer devant [danger, difficulté] — to shrink from
4) [civilisation, épidémie] to be on the decline2. vt1) [meuble, objet] to move back2) [véhicule] to reverse, to back up3) [limites] to extend4) [date, décision] to postponeIls ont reculé la date du spectacle. — They postponed the show.
* * *reculer verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( pousser) to move back [vase, lampe]; to move ou push back [meuble]; pour reculer les frontières du possible fig to push back the frontiers of what we thought was possible; reculer les pendules d'une heure to put the clocks back an hour;2 ( faisant marche arrière) to reverse GB, to back up;3 ( dans le temps) to put off [moment du départ]; to put off, to postpone [événement, décision]; to put back [date]; to raise [âge].B vi1 [personne, groupe, joueur] ( aller en arrière) to move back; (pour mieux voir quelque chose, pour être vu) to stand back; [chauffeur] to reverse; reculer d'un pas to step back; reculer de trois pas to take three steps back(wards); reculer de quelques pas to take a few steps back(wards); reculer de quelques mètres to move back a few yards; reculer lentement vers qch to retreat slowly toward(s) sth; faire reculer un groupe de personnes to move a group of people back; j'ai l'impression de reculer lit, fig I feel as if I'm going backward(s); reculer d'une case Jeux to go back a square; reculer à la vue du sang to recoil at the sight of blood; reculer pour mieux sauter ( prendre son élan) to move back to get a better run-up; c'est reculer pour mieux sauter fig it's just putting off the inevitable;2 [voiture, chariot] to move backward(s); ( dans une pente) to roll backward(s); ( délibérément) to reverse GB, to back up;3 [armée] to pull ou draw back;4 [falaise] to be eroded; [forêt] to be gradually disappearing; [eaux] to go down; [mer] to recede;5 ( régresser) [euro, valeurs boursières] to fall; [production, exportation] to fall, to drop; [doctrine, mouvement] to decline; [parti, politicien] to suffer a drop in popularity; faire reculer to cause a fall in [euro, exportation]; faire reculer le chômage to reduce unemployment; faire reculer le racisme to curb racism; faire reculer la maladie to reduce the incidence of the disease; reculer de cinq places [élèves, sportif] to fall back ou to drop five places;6 (céder, se dérober) to back down; ( hésiter) to shrink back; cela m'a fait reculer it put me off; reculer devant une difficulté to shrink from a difficulty; ne reculer devant rien to stop at nothing; il ne reculera devant rien pour réussir he'll stop at nothing to succeed; ne pas reculer devant les manœuvres frauduleuses to be quite prepared to use fraudulent measures;7 [arme] to recoil;8 Équit to rein back.C se reculer vpr gén to move back; ( d'un pas) to step back; ( pour mieux voir) to stand back; se reculer de quelques pas to take a few steps back.[rəkyle] verbe transitif1. [dans l'espace] to push ou to move back (separable)2. [dans le temps - rendez-vous] to delay, to postpone, to defer ; [ - date] to postpone, to put back (separable) ; [ - décision] to defer, to postpone, to put off (separable)————————[rəkyle] verbe intransitif1. [aller en arrière - à pied] to step ou to go ou to move back ; [ - en voiture] to reverse, to move backmets le frein à main, la voiture recule! put the handbrake on, the car is rolling backwards!il a heurté le mur en reculant he backed ou reversed into the wall2. [céder du terrain - falaise, forêt] to recede4. [faiblir - cours, valeur] to fall, to weaken ; [ - épidémie, criminalité, mortalité] to recede, to subsidele yen recule par rapport au dollar the yen is losing ground ou falling against the dollar————————se reculer verbe pronominal intransitif -
6 frein
frein [fʀɛ̃]masculine noun• donner un coup de frein à [+ dépenses, inflation] to curb* * *fʀɛ̃nom masculin1) ( de véhicule) brake2) ( entrave)mettre un frein à — to curb [expansion, optimisme]
3) (dated) ( mors) bit•Phrasal Verbs:••* * *fʀɛ̃ nm1) [voiture] brake2) figsans frein (= sans limites) — unchecked
mettre un frein à — to put a brake on, to check
* * *frein nm1 ( de véhicule) brake; avoir de bons freins to have good brakes; la voiture n'a plus de freins the car's brakes are not working; les freins du véhicule ont lâché the vehicle's brakes failed; donner un coup de frein to brake hard; des traces de coups de freins skid marks; un violent coup de frein a projeté le passager contre le pare-brise the driver braked hard throwing the passenger against the windscreen;2 ( entrave) restraints (pl); (être) un frein à (to be) a brake ou curb on; mettre un frein à to curb [expansion, immigration, optimisme]; donner un coup de frein à to act as a sharp brake ou curb on; mettre un coup de frein (brutal) à to put a (sharp) brake ou curb on; sans frein [faire, gouverner] without restraint; [imagination, ambition] unbridled; [échange, commerce] unrestrained;3 †( pour cheval) bit;4 Mil muzzle brake.frein à main hand brake; serrer/desserrer le frein à main to put on/to take off the hand brake; frein moteur engine brake; utilisez le frein moteur keep in low gear; frein de parcage parking brake; frein à pied foot brake; frein de service service break; frein de stationnement = frein de parcage; freins à disques disc brakes; freins pneumatiques air brakes; freins à tambour drum brakes.ronger son frein to champ at the bit.[frɛ̃] nom masculin1. AUTOMOBILE brake————————sans frein locution adjectivale -
7 résorber
résorber [ʀezɔʀbe]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verba. [+ tumeur, épanchement] to resorb2. reflexive verba. [hématome] to be resorbedb. [chômage] to be brought down ; [déficit] to be absorbed* * *ʀezɔʀbe
1.
1) fig to absorb [excédent, déficit]; to reduce [inflation, chômage]2) Médecine to resorb
2.
se résorber verbe pronominal1) fig [excédent, déficit] to be reduced; [inflation, chômage] to be coming down2) Médecine to be resorbed* * *résorber verb table: aimerA vtr1 fig to absorb [excédent, déficit]; to reduce, to bring [sth] down [inflation, chômage]; to use up [stocks]; to bring down [sureffectif]; to reduce [misère, inégalités];2 Méd to resorb [épanchement, tumeur].B se résorber vpr1 fig [excédent, déficit] to be reduced; [inflation, chômage] to be coming down; [colère] to fade;2 Méd [hématome] to be resorbed.[rezɔrbe] verbe transitif————————se résorber verbe pronominal intransitif1. [chômage, inflation] to be reduced -
8 endiguer
endiguer [ɑ̃dige]➭ TABLE 1 transitive verba. [+ fleuve] to dyke upb. [+ foule, invasion] to hold back ; [+ révolte, sentiments, progrès] to check ; [+ inflation, chômage] to curb* * *ɑ̃digeverbe transitif to confine [cours d'eau]; to contain [manifestants, groupe]; to curb [spéculation, mécontentement]* * *ɑ̃diɡe vtto dyke, fig to check, to hold back* * *endiguer verb table: aimer vtr1 to confine [cours d'eau];2 to contain [manifestants, groupe];3 to curb [spéculation, mécontentement].[ɑ̃dige] verbe transitif1. [cours d'eau] to dyke (up)[chômage, excès] to curb -
9 maîtriser
maîtriser° [metʀize]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verba. ( = dompter) to control ; [+ adversaire] to overcome ; [+ émeute] to bring under control ; [+ inflation] to curbb. [+ langue, technique] to master2. reflexive verb► se maîtriser to control o.s.* * *mɛtʀize
1.
1) ( contenir) to control [sentiment, rire, personne]; to get [something] under control [épidémie]; to bring [something] under control [incendie]; to overcome [adversaire]; to handle [problème]2) ( connaître parfaitement) to master [langue, technique]
2.
se maîtriser verbe pronominal to have self-control* * *metʀize vt1) [cheval, incendie] to control, to bring under control2) [sujet] to master3) [émotion] to control* * *maîtriser verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( contenir) to control [sentiment, urbanisme, rire, dépenses, manifestation, destin]; to get [sth] under control [épidémie]; to bring [sth] under control [incendie]; to overcome [forcené, adversaire]; to control [enfant, animal]; to hold back [flots]; to handle [panne, problème]; to stem the tide of [immigration];2 ( connaître parfaitement) to master [langue, sujet, technique].[metrize] verbe transitif1. [personne, animal] to overpower[adversaire] to get the better ofc'est un adversaire difficile, mais je le maîtriserai he's a tough opponent, but I'll get the better of him2. [danger, situation] to bring under control[sentiment] to master3. [technique, savoir] to master————————se maîtriser verbe pronominal (emploi réfléchi)je sais que tu as du chagrin, mais il faut te maîtriser I know you're upset, but you must get a grip on yourselfsous l'influence de l'alcool, on n'arrive plus à se maîtriser under the influence of alcohol, one loses (all) control
См. также в других словарях:
inflation — n. 1) to cause inflation 2) to control, curb inflation 3) creeping; double digit; galloping, rampant, runaway, uncontrolled inflation * * * [ɪn fleɪʃ(ə)n] curb inflation double digit galloping rampant runaway uncontrolled inflation creeping to… … Combinatory dictionary
curb — ▪ I. curb curb 1 [kɜːb ǁ kɜːrb] verb [transitive] to control or limit something that has a harmful effect: • The new government s priority is to curb inflation. [m0] ▪ II. curb curb 2 noun [countable] a control or limit on something … Financial and business terms
curb — curb1 [ kɜrb ] noun count 1. ) AMERICAN the edge of a SIDEWALK (=path built beside a road) that is closest to the road. British kerb: A car drew up to the curb and stopped. a ) jump the curb if a vehicle or driver jumps the curb, they drive up… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
curb — I UK [kɜː(r)b] / US [kɜrb] verb [transitive] Word forms curb : present tense I/you/we/they curb he/she/it curbs present participle curbing past tense curbed past participle curbed a) to control or limit something that is harmful Increased… … English dictionary
curb — [kɜːb] verb [T] I to control or limit something that is harmful or may cause problems efforts to curb inflation[/ex] II noun [C] curb [kɜːb] 1) a rule or control that stops or limits something 2) American a kerb at the edge of a road … Dictionary for writing and speaking English
curb — {{Roman}}I.{{/Roman}} noun 1 control; limit VERB + CURB ▪ impose, introduce, put PREPOSITION ▪ curb on ▪ Many companies have imposed curbs on smok … Collocations dictionary
Inflation — The rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising. The New York Times Financial Glossary * * * inflation in‧fla‧tion [ɪnˈfleɪʆn] noun [uncountable] ECONOMICS a continuing increase in the prices of goods and services … Financial and business terms
inflation — The creation of money by monetary authorities. In more popular usage, the creation of money that visibly raises goods prices and lowers the purchasing power of money. It may be creeping, trotting, or galloping, depending on the rate of money… … Financial and business terms
inflation — noun ADJECTIVE ▪ high, massive ▪ low, moderate ▪ zero ▪ galloping (esp. BrE), raging (esp. BrE) … Collocations dictionary
curb — [[t]kɜ͟ː(r)b[/t]] curbs, curbing, curbed 1) VERB If you curb something, you control it and keep it within limits. [be V ed] ...advertisements aimed at curbing the spread of Aids... [V n] Inflation needs to be curbed in Russia. Syn: check,… … English dictionary
Chronic inflation — occurs when a country experiences high inflation for a prolonged period of time (several years or decades) due to undue expansion or increase of the money supply. In countries with chronic inflation, inflation expectations become built in , and… … Wikipedia
